四六级语法知识定语从句引导词学习

四六级英语学习，语法是英语学习的基础，也是的基础，掌握好英语语法无论是对还是以后的英语学习都是有很大帮助的。下面频道为大家整理了常考知识讲解，一起来学习一下吧!英语常考知识点讲解：定语从句引导词。

that,who,whom:非性定语从句,如果修饰人,一般用who,有时用that(作主语时用who较多).如果关系代词在从句中作宾语,就应当用宾格whom或that,但在大多数情况下都可以省略掉,在口语中可用who代替whom.Hereistheman(whom)you’vebeenlookingfor.Heisaman(that)youcansafelydependon.Thepeople(who/that)youweretalkingtowereSwedes.TherearesomepeopleherewhoIwantyoutomeet.但在介词后只能用whom:ThisisthemantowhomIreferred.

但在口语中一般都把介词放到句子后面去,这时可用that,但省略时更多一些.Haveyoumetthepersonaboutwhomhewasspeaking?Haveyoumettheperson(that)hewasspeakingaboutThegirltowhomIspokeismycousin.Thegirl(who/that)Ispoketoismycousin.

性定语从句如果修饰物",用关系代词that的时候较多,也有时用which..当这个代词在从句中是用作宾语时,在绝大多数情况下都是省略的,特别是口语中(尤其是当被修饰的词是all,everything等词时):Haveyoueverythingyouneed?(Isthere)anythingIcandoforyou?Allyouhavetodoistopressthebutton.

在介词后只能用which,在口语中一般都把介词放到从句后部去,这时可以用that,但省略的时候更多一些:Thetoolwithwhichheisworkingiscalledawrench.Thetool(that)heisworkingwithiscalledawrench.Thisisthequestionaboutwhichwe’vehadsomuchdiscussion.Thisisthequestion(that)we’vehadsomuchdiscussionabout.

定语从句一般是修饰名词或代词的,但间或也可以修饰整个句子a),或是句子的一部分b),引导词用which:Theyhaveinvitedmetovisittheircountry,whichisverykindofthem.Theactivitywaspostponed,whichwasexactlywhatwewantedWhendeeplyabsorbedinwork,whichheoftenwas,hewouldforgetallabouteatingandsleeping.Shewasverypatienttowardsthechildren,whichherhusbandseldomwas.

whose:在表示...的"这个概念时,可用所有格whose;whose用于指物,有时可与ofwhich交替使用,通常的词序是名词词组ofwhich:Isthereanyoneinyourclasswhosefamilyisinthenortheast?Wehadameetingwhosepurposewascompletelyunclear.(…thepurposeofwhichwas…)He’swrittenabookthenameofwhichI’vecompletelyforgotten.(…whosenameI’ve…)ofwhich前的名词词组也可以由some,any,none,all,both,several,enough,many,most,few以及基数词担任;这些词也能用在ofwhom之前.Thebuses,mostofwhichwerealreadyfull,weresurroundedbyanangrycrowd.It’safamilyofeightchildren,allofwhomarestudyingmusic.

关系副词when,where,why:它们的含义相当于atwhich,inwhich,forwhich,因此它们之间有交替使用的可能.Thedaywhenhewasborn…onwhichhewasborn…whichhewasbornon…Theofficewhereheworks…atwhichheworks…whichheworksat…

有时可用that替代关系副词,在口语中that可省略.Everytime(that)thetelephonerings,hegetsnervous.ThiswasthefirsttimeIhadserioustroublewithmyboss.Doyouknowanywhere(that)Icangetadrink?Thisistheplace(where)wemetyesterday.Thatisthereason(why)hedidit.

在theway后也可用that替代inwhich,在口语中that也可省略.Thisistheway(that/inwhich)hedidit.That’sthewayIlookatit.如果定语从句中谓语为thereis,作主语的关系代词也常可省掉:ImustmakefulluseofthetimethereislefttomeanddoasmuchasIcanforthepeople.Thisisthefastesttrain(that)thereistoNanjing.

定语从句的简化:定语从句与不定式结构,-ing分词结构,-ed分词结构以及无动词分句等有着转换关系.Hewastheonlyonetorealizethedanger(=whorealizedthedanger).Thewomandrivingthecar(=whowasdrivingthecar)indicatedthatshewasgoingtoturnleft.Themaninjuredbythebullet(=whowasinjuredbythebullet)wastakentohospital.Allthewomenpresent(=whowerepresent)lookedupinalarm.