雅思听力考点深入解析分享 雅思考试

近年来雅思听力考试的8大考点"，即：同义替换、答案前置、补充选项、出尔反尔、干扰信息、结构转换、推理判断和单词拼写。本文结合真题系统讲解这8大考点"的出题思路。

考点6：结构转换

考点介绍

结构转换主要出现在填空题中，该考点指的是录音材料中与题目相对应的句子的表述结构发生了转换，例如，题目中问题的结构是their是形容词作定语，修饰空格处要填的名词，而录音材料中的表达是theimpactofthose，这里的ofthose和题目中的their是同义替换，该句的结构是介词短语作名词impact的后置定语，impact就是空格处要填的内容。

其他的结构转换还有名词作前置定语和介词作后置定语的转换，主动语态和被动语态

的转换等。

真题示例

Example1

(CambridgeIELTS11TestISectionIQuestion5)

Question5

Completethenotebelow.

WriteONEWORDANDYORANUMBERforeachanswer:

HIRINGAPUBLICROOM

Beforetheevent

·Willneeda5……..license

SOFFICIAL:Well,you'llhavetopayextraforthekitchenifyouwanttousethat.It's￡25.

It'sgotverygoodfacilities-goodqualitycookersandfridgesandsoon

WOMAN:OK,wellIsupposethat'sallright.Wecancoverthecostinourentrycharges.

OFFICIAL:Right.SoI'llmakeanoteofthat.Nowtherearejustoneortwothingsyouneedtothinkaboutbeforetheevent.Forexample,you’llhavetoseeaboutgettingalicenseifyou'replanningtohaveanymusicduringthemeal.

答案：music

①预测：画出题目中的关键词need、license。根据题目中的a…..license,预知要填名词或形容词，表示哪方面的许可证。

②定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这句话：Forexample,you'llhavetoseeaboutgetting

alicenseifyou'replanningtohaveanymusicduringthemeal.

③考点：结构转换。题目中的关键词license在定位句中重现，后面听到的是ifyou're

planningtohaveanymusic,答案就是music。注意：定位句中的ifyou'replanningtohaveanymusic是if引导的条件状语从句，说明在什么条件下需要license,而题目中的music是名词作前置定语，修饰license。

Example2

(CambridgeIELTSIITest1Section3Question27)

Question27

Choosethecorrectletter;A,BorC.

27GregandLisathinkMiyake'sresultscouldhavebeenaffectedby

Athelengthofthewritingtask.

Bthenumberofstudentswhotookpart.

Ctheinformationthestudentsweregiven

LISA:Ahugechange.Pityitwasn'ttoanA,butstill!No,butitdoessuggestthatthewomenwereseriouslyunderperformingbeforehand,incomparisonwiththemen.

GREG:Yes.Mindyou,Miyake'sarticleleftoutalotofdetails.Like,didthestudentsdothewritingjustonce,orseveraltimes?Andhadtheybeentoldwhytheyweredoingthewriting?Thatmighthaveaffectedtheresults.

LHSA:Youmean,iftheyknowtheresearchersthoughtitmighthelpthemtoimprove,thenthey'djusttrytofulfilthatexpectation?

GREG:Exactly.

答案：C

①预测：画出题目中的关键词Miyake'sresults、havebeenaffectedby,题目问的是Miyake

的结果可能受什么影响。再画出选项中的关键词：Alength,writingtask,Bnumber、students,Cinformation、studentsweregivens.

②定位：根据关键词定位到录音中的这段话：Yes.Mindyou,Miyake'sarticleleftoutalotof

details.Like,didthestudentsdothewritingjustonce,orseveraltimes?Andhadtheybeentoldwhytheyweredoingthewriting?Thatmighthaveaffectedtheresults.

③考点：结构转换。题目中的关键词results、have、affected在定位句中重现，定位句说的是Thatmighthaveaffectedtheresults.这里的that指的是hadtheybeentoldwhytheyweredoingthewriting,这句话中的theybeentold、whytheyweredoingthewriting分别和选项C中的studentsweregiven、information对应，答案就是C。注意：定位句中的Thatmighthaveaffectedtheresults.是王动语态，题目中的Miyake'sresultscouldhavebeenaffectedbytheinformationthestudentsweregiven.是被动语态。